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How can two people observe the same sample yet report measurements of very different scientific quality?
Chemistry depends on both what matter is and how reliably its properties are measured.
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Chemists move between three views of the same system: the macroscopic sample that can be handled, a particle-level model used to explain its behavior, and symbols or numbers used to communicate it. A sample may be a pure substance or a mixture, and it may appear as a solid, liquid, or gas under the conditions of observation.